Women Entrepreneurs Free Essays

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS: Women entrepreneurs may be defined as a woman or a group of women who initiate, organize and run a business enterprise. In terms of Schumpeterian concept of innovative entrepreneurs, women who innovate, initiate or adopt a business activity are called business entrepreneur. It is the group of women or single women running an enterprise or company in order to earn profit. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Entrepreneurs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Now days because of  Ã‚   women empowerment women are stepping-stone into the industries and are taking the place of men. Now a day’s women’s are running several business like beauty parlours, switching shops, boutiques, etc. The areas chosen by women are retail trade,  restaurants, hotels, education, cultural,   cleaning insurance and manufacturing. Women entrepreneurs have been making a significant impact in all segments of the economy in Canada, Great Britain, Germany Australia and US. Till the turn of the century, man has enjoyed a dominant position. But change in position technological innovation and modern way of thinking can reduce the disparity between man and women, and bring about equality and equity between them, the need of the hour in women empowerment both through provision of employment and enterprise creation. The Government of India has defined women entrepreneurs based on women participation in equity and employment of a business enterprise. Accordingly, a woman entrepreneur is defined as an enterprise owned and controlled by a woman having a minimum financial interest of 51% of the capital and giving at least 51% of the employment generated in the enterprise to a woman. They have made their mark in business because of the following reasons: * They want to improve their mettle in innovation and competitive jobs. * They want the change to control the balance between their families and responsibility and their business levels. They want new challenges and opportunities for self fulfilment. Role of women as an Entrepreneur’s: 1) Imaginative: It refers to the imaginative approach or original ideas with competitive market. Well-planned approach is needed to examine the existing situation and to identify the entrepreneurial opportunities. It further implies that women entrepreneurâ€⠄¢s have association with knowledgeable people and contracting the right organization offering support and services. 2) Attribute to work hard: Enterprising women have further ability to work hard. The imaginative ideas have to come to a fair play. Hard work is needed to build up an enterprise.. 3) Persistence:  Women entrepreneurs must have an intention to fulfill their dreams. They have to make a dream transferred into an idea enterprise; Studies show that successful women work hard. 4) Ability and desire to take risk  the desire refers to the willingness to take risk and ability to the proficiency in planning making forecast estimates and calculations. 5) Profit earning capacity:  Ã‚  she should have a capacity to get maximum return out of invested capital. A Woman entrepreneur has also to perform all the functions involved in establishing an enterprise. These include idea generation, and screening, determination of objectives, project preparation, product analysis, determination of forms of business organization, completion of formal activities,   raising funds,   procuring men machine materials and operations of business. Fredrick Harbiscon, has enumerated the following five functions   of a women entrepreneur’s : * Exploration of the prospects of starting a new business enterprise. * Undertaking a risk and handling of economic uncertainties involved in business. * Introduction of innovations, imitations of innovations. * Co ordination, administration and control. Supervision and leadership. In nutshell, women entrepreneur are those women who think of a business enterprise,   initiate it organize and combine the factors of production, operate the enterprise,   undertake risk   and handle economic uncertainties involved in running a business enterprise The role of women entrepreneur in economic development is inev itable. Nowadays, women enter not only in selected professions but also in professions like trade, industry and engineering. Women are also willing to take up business and contribute to the nation’s growth. This role is also eing recognized and steps are being taken to promote women entrepreneurship The concept of Women Entrepreneurs may be defined as women or group of women who initiate, organize and run a business enterprise. Women owned businesses are highly increasing in the economies of almost all countries. Women’s empowerment in India is still an illusion. Empowering women entrepreneurs is essential for achieving the goals of sustainable development. The government of India safeguards the interests of women authorizer to bring the effective implementation and utilization of social economic and political status of women in India. In order to face the problems faced by women entrepreneurs, the Government of India launched the scheme Trade Related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development of Women (TREAD). The main objective of the scheme is to empower women through development of their entrepreneurial skills by eliminating constraints faced by them in their sphere of trade. This assistance is to be provided for self-employment ventures by women pursuing any kind of non-farm activity. Promoting entrepreneurship among women is certainly a shortcut to rapid economic growth and development. A successful woman entrepreneur has the attitude and the inner drive to change her dream and her vision to reality. A successful woman entrepreneur should be given proper empowerment that will increase her success with the society. SOCIAL SCHEMES:Women entrepreneurs have achieved remarkable success. The Micro, Small ; Medium Enterprises Development Organisation (MSME-DO), the various State Small Industries Development Corporations (SSIDCs), the nationalised banks and even NGOs are conducting various programmes including Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs). To cater to the needs of potential women entrepreneurs, who may not have adequate educational background and skills, MSME-DO has introduced process/product oriented EDPs in areas like TV repairing, printed circuit boards, leather goods, screen printing etc. A special prize to â€Å"Outstanding Women Entrepreneur† of the year is being given to recognise achievements made by and to provide incentives to women entrepreneurs. The Office of DC (MSME) has also opened a Women Cell to provide coordination and assistance to women entrepreneurs facing specific problems. There are also several other schemes of the government like the * Income Generating Scheme implemented by the Department of Women and Child Development, which provides assistance for setting up training-cum-income generating activities for needy women to make them economically independent. * The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) has been implementing two special schemes for women namely Mahila Udyam Nidh i which is an exclusive scheme for providing equity to women entrepreneurs and the Mahila Vikas Nidhi which offers developmental assistance for pursuit of income generating activities to women. The SIDBI has also taken initiative to set up an informal channel for credit needs on soft terms giving special emphasis to women. Over and above this, SIDBI also provides training for credit utilisation as also credit delivery skills for the executives of voluntary organisations working for women. * Grant for setting up a production unit is also available under Socio-Economic Programme of Central Social Welfare Board. | How to cite Women Entrepreneurs, Essay examples

Counter strike Essay Example For Students

Counter strike Essay There have been many significant new additions to the entity set for Beta5. The following is a list of new features and how to implement them. All Beta4 entities are still supported and their functionality has not been changed. If you add the new Beta5 entities they will be used instead of the Beta4 entities you had in the map before. The classical method for determining hostage rescue zones is to check to see if a player is within a set distance from an info_hostage_rescue entity, or one of his teams spawn points. There is now another new brush entity called func_hostage_rescue that gives the level designer more control over where players can rescue hostages. If a map does not have any func_hostage_rescue entities, the classical method is used instead (so that old maps will still work the same way). However, placing one or more func_hostage_rescue entities in a map causes the game to ignore both spawn points and info_hostage_rescue entities. info_hostage_rescue entities should be deleted if func_hostage_rescue entities are added. Properties: Targetname of entity to trigger when a hostage is rescuedThe classical method for determining buy zones is to check to see if a player is within a set distance from one of his teams spawn points. There is now another new brush entity called func_buyzone that gives the level designer more control over where players can purchase items. If a map does not have any func_buyzone entities, the classical method is used to determine buy zones. Be aware that it is now possible to place spawn points outside of buy zones. This can be undesirable under many circumstances (ex. when the freeze period is long), so care should be taken to insure that spawn points are placed within buy zones. Properties: Team (Can be set to Counter-terrorist, Terrorist or All teams)The number of players that can join a team is now determined by the number of spawn points for the team. For example: If you only have 5 CT start points in your map only 5 CTs could join the CT team. This was done to prevent players from spawning into teammates if there werent enough spawn points in a map. The suggested maximum players for a server is still 20. It is very important that you include at least 10 spawn points per team or some players may be able to join a server but not be able to join a team. There is a new func_bomb_target brush entity to replace the existing info_bomb_target point entity. func_bomb_target is used to define regions that a player must be touching to place the bomb. (Be aware that the bomb itself can still end up outside one of these regions.) If there are both func_bomb_target and info_bomb_target entities in a map, the info_bomb_target entities will be ignored. Old maps will still work because they only use info_bomb_target entities. We have also added the ability to target events when a bombing is successful. Be careful not to have cracks the bombs can be dropped into in the bomb target zones. Properties: Targetname of entity to trigger when the bombing is successfulPlayer Height. The player view point has been lowered from the standard Half-Life height to line up with the eye level of Counter-Strike models. The view height while ducking has not been changed. You should be aware that a lower view point will make your map look a bit different to the player. Team Selection. Players can now choose which team they will play on immediately when they join a game. Auto Hostage Rescue. You no longer need to press a hostage rescue key to rescue hostages. Instead the hostages are automatically rescued when you enter a valid hostage rescue area. This feature is in the 4.1 patch and is also included in Beta5. .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .postImageUrl , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:hover , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:visited , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:active { border:0!important; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:active , .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19 .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uabc3cc5b792f0a7692a5295c11855e19:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Muhammad Ali EssayHostage Rescue Zone Icon. When you are running around a level an icon is displayed when you are in a Hostage Rescue Zone. The icon is a capital R with a circle around it. Buy Zone Icon: When you are running around a level an icon is displayed when you are in a Buy Zone for your team. The icon is a shopping cart. Intro Camera. When a player first joins a map they will view the world from all available trigger_camera entities. The standard server rotation time between cameras is 6 seconds. You do not need to allow the players to have in-game access to the cameras. If no trigger_cameras are found in a level the intro text and team selection will happen over a black background. Intro Text. This text message is displayed at the start of a map. The text file should follow the format of released Counter Strike B5 maps. Important information such as the number of hostages, number of bomb targets and a brief description of the scenario should be included in this text file. The info text file should be named the same as your bsp with the extension txt added instead. (This is the same as TFC info text files). The text files must be very small as they have to be displayed on 320240 screens. If the text files are too big they will be clipped so please check them in the game. Bibliography:

Marketing Strategy of Volkswagen

The Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Volkswagen Rugraff (1) stated that the global automobile industry has been suffering from unsteady competitive advantage for the last three decades due to changing the choice of the customers, market rivalry, outsourcing technological development, a new division of labor and increasing oligopolies nature of global component suppliers that generated new business opportunity and welcomed new entries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marketing Strategy of Volkswagen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, the automobile industry players looked for their competitive advantages on environmentally friendly technology and their internationalization through intensive investment in abroad while Volkswagen explored its competitive advantages through its expansion in the emerging market with 53% foreign employment and 76% of its revenue generated from foreign sales. Acc ording to the Volkswagen Group (7) the company’s green mobility, eco-friendly production processes, continuous effort to develop resource efficiency, 62 production facilities all over the world, characteristic global labor relations including its brand image and prolonged culture have provided the company with stability and a clear competitive advantage than its competitors. The company added that the appropriate utilization of competitive advantages provided the company huge opportunity to uphold its ecological principles, brand image, introduction of attractive vehicle models with low emissions targets, strong position in the global market, low fuel consumption, responds to the customers needs, and to fulfill the cost target of the regional customers. Das Auto (3) added that German-engineering, strong resale values, fuel-efficiency safety, clean technology, carefree maintenance program covered by the total cost of ownership have generated further competitive advantages that provided the customer excellence, operational excellence for all brands, product-excellence with a variety of models, location excellence through local distributors and the customers identified it as a symbol of their dignity. Growth Strategies of Volkswagen Volkswagen Group (11) added that its growth strategy has based on gorgeous vehicles that plead the customers all over the world meeting different regional requirements linked with their cost targets through it innovation, quick implication, and improved efficiency with huge brands that facilitated the company at an unparalleled position in the global market. Here the paper analyzed its growth strategies.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Market Penetration Strategy Wen (52) pointed out that the market penetration strategy of Volkswagen Group has organized with three different modes, such as, Acquisition and Green field, Joint Ventures Strategic Alliances with the local companies and Foreign Direct Investment in the emerging markets and the company has long evidence to practice all three strategies where they feel appropriate. At present, the company holds at least seven famous brands and all of the brands have experienced successful acquisition Volkswagen starting from 1964 to 1998, later on, the company has taken cautious measures for further investment and condensed its acquisition activities shifting to the foreign direct investment and strategic alliances through the joint venture. Market Development Strategy The Times of India (1) reported that the global giant of Automobile manufacturers Volkswagen is a multinational carmaker in Europe has aimed to turn itself at the top of all automaker by 2018, through its market development strategy to address such challenges. The marketing team of Volkswagen has focused on the further innovative approach of market development through communication s and advertising to all prospective markets. For instance, Volkswagen in India has introduced itself as a landmark automaker by its digitalized marketing campaign and introduced first talking newspaper using light-sensitive chips, while the readers turned the pages of the newspaper that readers regarding the products of Volkswagen, such digitalization has provided the company huge brand awareness measured at 38% to connect with customers. Product Development Strategy The Alternative Mobility Department of the Volkswagen Group has engaged to develop the conceptual framework for strategic product development keeping its close observation to the international and regional market integrating with new technologies, research, market trend and competitors analysis that brings future success by meeting customers demand while the product diversification strategy acts as an integral part of this strategy. Works Cited Das Auto. Volkswagen of America Corporate Fleet Sales. 2010. Web.Advertisin g We will write a custom research paper sample on Marketing Strategy of Volkswagen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rugraff, Eric. The new competitive advantage of automobile manufacturers. 2011. Web. The Times of India. Marketing Solutions: Volkswagen India Case Study. 2011. Web. Volkswagen Group. Sustainability Report 2010. Web. Wen, XiaoFeng. The Investigation of Volkswagen’s Entry Strategy in China’s Car Market. 2007. Web.. This research paper on Marketing Strategy of Volkswagen was written and submitted by user Tombstone to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on The Great Gatsby-the Color Green And White

Color symbolism is really popular in novels written during the 1920's. One such example is Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby. There is much color symbolism in this novel, but there are two main colors that stand out more than the others. The colors green and white influence the story greatly. Green shows many thoughts, ideas, attitudes, and choices that Gatsby has throughout the story. White represents the stereotypical faà §ade that every character is hiding behind. The color green, as it is used in the novel, symbolizes different choices the character, Gatsby, can make during his life. The green element in this novel is taken from the green light at the end of the dock near Daisy's house. The color itself represents serenity, as in everything is perfect. This warns Gatsby that he should not pursue his dream for getting Daisy back, because his chance has passed and everything is as it should be. This is shown with Nick's insight, "...His dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him... (Pg.189)" Another symbolization of the color green, which contradicts the first, is the meaning "go." As in a traffic light signal, most people associate green with the word and action "go." This can be interpreted as meaning Gatsby should go for his dream without hesitation. It implies that Gatsby and Daisy are meant to be together and nothing should stop Gatsby from his destined happiness and love with Daisy. It inspires hope for Gatsby that he is on the right path, heading towards the best years of his life. He believes that things will soon be as they once were, only better. ""I'm going to fix everything just the way they were before," he said nodding determinedly. "She'll see."(Pg. 117.)" The last symbolization the color green has in this novel is an urge to strive ahead in life, to do better in life and succeed. Gatsby changes his entire persona for a better,... Free Essays on The Great Gatsby-the Color Green And White Free Essays on The Great Gatsby-the Color Green And White Color symbolism is really popular in novels written during the 1920's. One such example is Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby. There is much color symbolism in this novel, but there are two main colors that stand out more than the others. The colors green and white influence the story greatly. Green shows many thoughts, ideas, attitudes, and choices that Gatsby has throughout the story. White represents the stereotypical faà §ade that every character is hiding behind. The color green, as it is used in the novel, symbolizes different choices the character, Gatsby, can make during his life. The green element in this novel is taken from the green light at the end of the dock near Daisy's house. The color itself represents serenity, as in everything is perfect. This warns Gatsby that he should not pursue his dream for getting Daisy back, because his chance has passed and everything is as it should be. This is shown with Nick's insight, "...His dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him... (Pg.189)" Another symbolization of the color green, which contradicts the first, is the meaning "go." As in a traffic light signal, most people associate green with the word and action "go." This can be interpreted as meaning Gatsby should go for his dream without hesitation. It implies that Gatsby and Daisy are meant to be together and nothing should stop Gatsby from his destined happiness and love with Daisy. It inspires hope for Gatsby that he is on the right path, heading towards the best years of his life. He believes that things will soon be as they once were, only better. ""I'm going to fix everything just the way they were before," he said nodding determinedly. "She'll see."(Pg. 117.)" The last symbolization the color green has in this novel is an urge to strive ahead in life, to do better in life and succeed. Gatsby changes his entire persona for a better,...

Ask an Expert How to Boost your Author SEO Reedsy

Ask an Expert How to Boost your Author SEO Reedsy How to Boost your Author SEO: An Interview with Murray Izenwasser As an author in the beginning stages of a marketing strategy, where do you start when it comes to author Search Engine Optimization (SEO)? It can be very daunting having to compete with large publishing houses as well as already successful and well-known authors. To help tackle this really important topic, we had SEO expert Murray Izenwasser give his insights on how exactly author SEO works.Click play below to watch the video chat or read the transcript below! Hi Murray, I really appreciate you talking with me today. Why don’t you start out by giving us a bit of background on yourself and Biztegra?Thank you! I’ve been doing the online stuff since the 90s so a long time, but Biztegra has been around for about 6 or 7 years now. When we started Biztegra we wanted to bring the digital agency and the way we approach it to a smaller organization. We do two things: marketing on one side and technology on the other. With marketing, we do the optimizations for searches on social and mobile applications and for technology we have developers in Argentina who build out the web, social, and mobile applications we need to support those marketing programs.Last year, we launched a product called Publishr, which is a platform where our publishing clients will be able to move their websites over and onto. In the publishing industry, we’ve found that there’s a lot of opportunities for websites to improve. Historically, people in p ublishing were â€Å"bound† to traditional printing and now the people who are left are the onesThat's great and I agree with you that it really just does come down to time and not annoying your audience. This has been very helpful for our authors who are either trying to rank higher on Google or building their author website or trying to gain traffic on their blogs. Thank you so much, Murray!Follow Murray Izenwasser and Reedsy on Twitter: @MurrayIz and @ReedsyHQHave you experimented with SEO and Content Marketing? Do you have a marketing strategy for your next book launch? Let us know your thoughts, or ask Murray any question you want, in the comments below!

Reseach Paper on Nursing Negligence Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reseach on Nursing Negligence - Research Paper Example New Jersey has the provisions for different nursing attorneys who are responsible of evaluating the negligence on the part of the nurses, and accordingly take the measures against such negligence. The trial lawyers are experienced in determining the rights of those individuals who suffer owing to the negligence on the part of nursing and thus take the necessary measures (Messa & Associates, 2010). These are reflected through the NJSA Act 45, Section 1-18 and Section 1-25 that clearly explain the roles of the attorneys as well as the penalties against violated acts respectively (New Jersey Uniform Enforcement Act NJSA 45:1.1 et seq., n.d.). The nursing standards represent the benchmark of the duties and responsibilities of the nurses as are desired by particular nursing homes and clinical organizations. These reflect on the understanding, ability, evaluation as well as attitude that are required in competent and successful nursing practice. It is necessary for the nurses to follow the standards that they are expected to since these standards outline the professional expectations from them, as are needed for the satisfaction of the patients (Nursing Standards, 2010). Hence all nurses are required to follow these standards and adhere to the legal system since it is their duty to perform their acts well and avoid cases of lawsuits against negligence. Case Study Discussion: Cases of Failure to Documentation: Case 1: Patient in US admitted with brain infection but positive Homans’ signs being discovered and not documented by the nurse. The patient died without treatment (Special Report: How to Properly Document to Reduce Your Liability Risk, n.d.). Case 2: 23 year old woman admitted with flu but detected with pneumonia. Proper documentation of medication doses, and heart rates were absent. The patient eventually died (Case Study: Medication Administration Error and Failure to Monitor, 2008). Case 3: Oncology patient in New Jersey suffering from uneasiness but nurse ignored documentation and sustained treatment enhancing the suffering (Extravasation Follows Chemotherapy Administration, Potential Complication or Nursing Negligence, 2000). Thus in all the three cases the loss has been caused owing to the documentation failure by the nurses. The damages were filled through penalties depending on the nature of the injury or loss as might have been decided by the legal systems (Factors Affecting Damaging Awards, 2012). Law Regarding the Cases: The US Law: In the first case, the victims were awarded a sum of $500,000 for the damages (Special Report: How to Properly Document to Reduce Your Liability Risk, n.d.). In the second case, the family of the dead sought $3,000,000 for the loss (Case Study: Medication Administration Error and Failure to Monitor, 2008). New Jersey Law: According to New Jersey Uniform Enforcement Act 45, Section 1-18 allows the attorneys to perform all necessary examinations of records and documents in case any violence is reported on the part of the nursing. Section 1-25 declares the amounts of penalties that can be applied, the amounts being a maximum of $10,000 for a single violation, and $20,000 for more than one such act (New Jersey Uniform Enforcement Act NJSA 45:1.1 et seq., n.d.). ANA Code and Provision Violence: Nine provisions of the ANA Code include:

Dqweek 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dqweek 7 - Essay Example to do with how the powers and privileges of society, as well as within the companies themselves, are affected by large organizations . These three, Clegg, Hinings and Greenwood feel that this sociological perspective is required in order that companies can find for themselves the most suitable ways to solve their problems, ways that are both efficient an defective. . Clegg in 2002 ( p 430) drew a parallel with the planning of the Holocaust in World War II. He describes an organization then which worked at optimum efficiency, and achieved its aims effectively, but as far as moral values and ethics were concerned was totally abhorrent. He also stresses that researchers seeking both funding and access to organisations, must focus their research on real problems faced by the businesses concerned. ( page 436) Grey (2010, p 686) and Clegg (2002, 434) point out how between Europe and America there are differences in the way universities operate with Europeans generally being more open to alternative points of view. Grey talks about the ways in which systems of ranking make the positivist/functionalist viewpoint dominant in North American academic circles. He concludes that this ranking system enables the American universities and the academic journals from that part of the world to prevail when it comes to proving the knowledge creation agenda which therefore tends to fit in with their preference for the positivist/functionalist trend. Knowledge creation cannot be allowed to remain as the select domain of an elite group of American scholars and those academic journals which are overly concerned with their own rankings. There are other ways to create knowledge as our DBA programme reveals when it shows how Critical Action Learning when used by scholars who are also practitioners will also generate knowledge. Whether or not it then goes on to publication in a high ranking American journal, it can still be used within our own organisations to